Industrial fermentation is a chemical engineering term used to describe processes that utilize chemical changes induced by organisms or enzymes, especially bacteria, yeasts, molds, or fungi, to produce a specific product. Microorganisms are the soul of industrial fermentation and without them there is no industrial fermentation.
Optimization of Industrial Fermentation
Industrial fermentation processes are becoming increasingly popular and recognized as a key technological advantage for reducing our dependence on chemicals and fossil fuel-based products. However, despite its growing popularity, fermentation processes are not as mature as traditional chemical processes, especially with respect to the use of engineering tools such as optimization techniques. Currently, industrial fermentation technology optimization is mainly reflected in the following areas.
- Culture Media Optimization
The components in the media can have a major impact on the performance of a strain, and a focus on media optimization can yield significant performance gains. The medium optimization has the following advantages. - Industrial Strain Improvement
The improvement of industrial strains plays a central role in the commercial development of microbial fermentation processes. Development of highly productive microbial strains is a prerequisite for efficient biotechnology processes. Microorganisms produce very low concentrations of a variety of products that have been used as antibiotics, pharmaceuticals, vitamins, enzymes, bulk organic compounds, polymers, amino acids, biofuels, etc. A prerequisite for efficient biotechnology processes on an industrial scale is the use of microbial strains that produce the desired product in large quantities. Therefore, it is important to screen strains suitable for industrial fermentation production. Additionally, strains are modified with physical, chemical, or genetic tools for strain optimization. - Optimization of Fermentation Process Conditions
Optimization of fermentation conditions is the most fundamental requirement in the fermentation process and the most important and most difficult technical indicator to master. Optimal control of temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, agitation speed, ammonium ions, metal ions, nutrient concentrations, is different in different fermentation processes. Microorganisms may have different fermentation environmental requirements at different stages of growth and at different times of production of the intended metabolite. Fermentation conditions should therefore be adjusted for different objects and different stages.
 Optimizing Strain Performance |
 Increasing Product Yield |
 Reducing Fermentation Process Costs |
| Media composition can have a significant impact on the growth and production rate of bio-processes. This can be used to modulate the transition between exponential growth and stationary phase. It is often used to separate the growth and production phases of microbial bioprocesses. | Ingredients in media may be necessary for successful manufacturing of a product, may be incorporated during bio-processing, or may enhance productivity by increasing flux through metabolic nodes. In contrast, excessive concentrations of certain ingredients can impair athletic performance. | Optimization can also reduce the cost of media and the remaining components of consumed media. This simplifies downstream processes and further reduces costs. |
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Reference
- Stamenković, S. and V. Beškoski, et al. (2018). "Microbial fertilizers: A comprehensive review of current findings and future perspectives." Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research. 16 (1).